Cycobalamin Vitamin B12 Antianemia vitamin
Cycobalamin is one of vitamin B complexes, which has a strong anti-pernicious anemia effect. It is the name given by the crystallization of vitamin B12, an indispensable factor for the development of bacteria and animals. Besides C, H, O, N, P and Co, the a-D- ribose conjugate of 5,6-dimethe-rbenzimidazole is a part of its structure. A. R. Todd et al. put forward the structural formula, which is called cyanocobalamin because cyano is coordinated on cobalt. The maximum absorption in aqueous solution is 278,361,548 nm. In 1948, E．L．Rickes of the United States and E．L．Smith of the United Kingdom independently extracted crystals from the liver. Since then, this substance has also been obtained from a certain actinomycete (StrePtomyces griseum).
Cyanocobalamin is also the growth factor of pigs and chicks, and it is the same substance as the animal protein factor necessary for egg hatching. Vitamin B12, given to patients with malignant diseases at 150 micrograms, can increase red blood cells by about 2 times, and 3-6 micrograms can also produce effects. In vivo, it is transported in the blood in the form of combination with trans-cobalamin protein (a- globular protein), and exists in the form of coenzyme in various tissues. Together with folic acid, it is involved in the metabolism of methyl transfer and active methyl generation. And become the essential factor of purine, pyrimidine and other biosynthesis.
The main uses of vitamin B12 are as follows:
1. Medical treatment
① Used to treat and prevent vitamin B12 deficiency. ② It can be used to prevent anemia caused by gastrectomy or malabsorption syndrome and vitamin B12 deficiency. ③ It is used to supplement the increased demand for vitamin B12 caused by consumptive diseases, hyperthyroidism, pregnancy, lactation, etc. ④ Nutritional and gestational anemia. ⑤ Anemia of Taenia solium. ⑥ Liver dysfunction anemia. ⑦ Leukopenia caused by radioactivity. ⑧ Nerve pain, muscle pain and joint pain. Pet-name ruby peripheral neuritis, peripheral nerve paralysis. Attending myelitis, spinal cord degeneration.
2. Feed additives
Vitamin B12 is an indispensable micronutrient for the growth of the body. Most animal plant feeds do not contain vitamin B12, which is synthesized by microbes in the gastrointestinal tract and added by the outside world. In order to meet the needs of animal vitamins, it is necessary to supplement vitamin additives. The deficiency of vitamin B12 in non-ruminant animals such as pigs and chickens is mainly manifested in the stagnation of growth and development, and a few pigs may have mild normal erythrocytic anemia. In addition, it can also reduce the hatching rate of chickens and the reproductive rate of pigs. Clinical symptoms of deficiency include loss of appetite, stagnation of growth, simple anemia, and severe neurological symptoms. Feed vitamin B12 can promote the growth and development of poultry, especially young poultry and livestock. It can be used for: ① growth retardation and anemia of pigs and chickens caused by vitamin B12 deficiency; ② Endemic wasting disease of cattle and sheep in cobalt-deficient areas; ③ Nonspecific treatment of neuritis and neuralgia; ④ Improve the utilization rate of feed protein; ⑤ Raising of economic animals; ⑥ Treating fish eggs or fry with B12 solution can improve the tolerance of fish to toxic substances such as benzene and heavy metals in water.
3. Others
① Food additives ② can be used as instrument colorants: such as ham, sausage, ice cream and fish paste. ③ It can be used in cosmetics, soap, toothpaste, etc. It can also be used in toilets, refrigerators, oral cavity, etc. to deodorize and eliminate the odor of sulfide and aldehyde.
